Alcohol addiction, also called alcohol use disorder (AUD), affects nearly 29 million people aged 12 and over in the United States. AUD is a devastating, complex, progressive disease that develops in stages. Understanding the stages of alcohol addiction can help you or your loved one know when to seek help.
The Initial or Early Stage of Alcoholism: Occasional Use
The initial stage of alcoholism typically begins with occasional use, where drinking is mostly social and infrequent. During this phase, alcohol consumption is often linked to events like parties, celebrations, or casual get-togethers. Many people in this stage drink to relax, have fun, or socialize, and it usually does not interfere with their daily responsibilities or health.
Despite the seemingly harmless nature of this stage, it is important to be aware of the subtle changes that can occur. Patterns of drinking behavior might set in, paving the way for more frequent and heavier drinking over time. You might start to notice that you look forward to drinking occasions or find excuses to have a drink outside of typical social settings.
The Warning or Middle Stage: Increased Tolerance and Frequency
In the warning stage, you’ll notice that your tolerance for alcohol has increased, meaning that you’ll need to consume more alcohol to achieve the desired effects. You drink more often, moving beyond social settings to more regular, and sometimes solitary, drinking patterns. During this stage, your reasons for drinking may shift. What once was a social activity or a way to unwind might now become a coping mechanism for dealing with stress, anxiety, or other emotional challenges.
As your drinking behavior becomes more ingrained, you may start to rationalize increased consumption (e.g., I deserve this because I had a bad day at work). You might start hiding your drinking habits from others or feel defensive when questioned about your drinking. The risk of developing dependency grows as alcohol begins to play a more central role in daily life.
The Crucial or Late Stage: Dependence and Withdrawal Symptoms
In the crucial stage, your relationship with alcohol becomes one of necessity rather than choice. At this point, you have probably developed both a physical and psychological dependence on alcohol. Daily or near-daily consumption becomes the norm as the body adapts to the constant presence of alcohol.
One of the main signs of this stage is the onset of withdrawal symptoms when alcohol is not consumed. Withdrawal symptoms can range from mild discomforts like headaches, sweating, and nausea to severe conditions such as tremors, seizures, and hallucinations. The intensity of these symptoms often drives you to drink more frequently, creating a vicious cycle of dependence.
Behavioral changes become more pronounced in this stage. You may choose alcohol over their responsibilities and relationships, causing a decline in work performance and social interactions. You might also engage in risky behaviors to obtain alcohol, further jeopardizing your well-being and that of those around you.
Mental health also deteriorates during this stage. Anxiety, depression, and other emotional issues often intensify, as you use alcohol as a crutch to manage these feelings. This stage is frequently characterized by denial and defensiveness about the extent of the problem.
The Chronic Stage: Persistent Use Despite Consequences
In the chronic stage, you’ll find yourself unable to stop drinking despite being fully aware of alcohol’s negative impact on your life. The need to drink is stronger than all other priorities, leading to severe disruptions in personal relationships, career stability, and overall health. This stage is often characterized by a sense of hopelessness and entrapment, as you may feel powerless against the grip of alcohol.
Cognitive functions and decision-making abilities are significantly impaired, resulting in poor judgment and risky behaviors. Health issues that began in earlier stages become more severe and chronic, including liver damage, cardiovascular problems, and mental health disorders like depression and anxiety. Social isolation becomes common as you withdraw from family and friends, often to avoid confrontation or because you feel ashamed of your drinking habits.
The End Stage Alcoholism: Severe Health Complications
In the end stage of alcoholism, you’ll face severe health complications, possibly including irreversible damage to vital organs, including the liver, heart, and brain. Common conditions at this stage include cirrhosis of the liver, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, and significant cognitive impairments, leading to memory loss and difficulty concentrating. The immune system is often compromised, making you more susceptible to infections and illnesses. The risk of acute medical emergencies like alcohol poisoning and accidents is increased. You may experience extreme isolation, strained relationships, a breakdown in your support networks, and financial instability.
We Can Help
Addiction is a treatable, chronic disease that can affect anyone. If you or a loved one struggles with drug or alcohol addiction, we can help. Located in Mesa, Arizona, Canyon Vista Recovery has a team of skilled professionals to help you regain control of your life. Take the first step toward living a sober life. Contact us today.
